Anastomotic Renal Sinus Haemangioma: A Case Report

Abstract

Rationale: Vascular tumours of the kidney are a heterogeneous group of lesions showing common characteristics with malignant neoplasms, making it significantly challenging the pre-operative diagnosis. Among these lesions, Anastomotic Hemangioma (AH) is a recently recognized variant of hemangioma of the Genito-urinary tract characterized by a complex vascular structure. This manuscript presents the case of an 85-year-old caucasian man diagnosed with renal sinus AH.

Patient concerns: The man was admitted to the hospital with a 4-month history of a left renal mass discovered by Ultrasound (US) of the abdomen performed for an elevation of transaminases, in the absence of significant Genito-urinary symptoms. We performed radiological examinations through Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that revealed a lesion showing apparently malignant characteristics. The multidisciplinary team decided to proceed with nephrectomy. The postoperative pathological examination revealed that the mass contained capillaries arranged in a characteristic anastomotic or confluent pattern commonly seen in AHs.

Outcomes: The mass was successfully removed. The follow-up examination at 7 months post-surgery showed that the patient recovered well, and no recurrence or metastasis was found.

Conclusion: Anastomotic renal sinus hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor. On imaging examinations, AHs appear as mostly heterogeneous masses with peripheral and/or pseudo nodular enhancement. However, a definitive diagnosis can only be achieved through histopathological examination.